Primeiramente, é importante ter instalados:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install build-essentials
$ sudo apt-get install gfortran
Precisaremos baixar o código GADGET aqui, a biblioteca GSL (GNU scientific library) aqui e a FFTW (fastest Fourier transform in the West library) aqui. Vamos descompactar o conteúdo de cada um desses arquivos para três pastas diferentes em HOME. Respectivamente, GADGET2, gsl-1.16 e fftw-2.1.5. Antes de trabalharmos com eles, vamos instalar a biblioteca MPI:
$ sudo apt-get install libcr-dev mpich2 mpich2-doc
- Depois disso, vamos instalar a biblioteca GSL:
$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
- E então, a fftw:
$ ./configure --enable-mpi --enable-type-prefix --enable-float
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ make clean
$ ./configure --enable-mpi --enable-type-prefix
$ make
$ sudo make install
- Procure agora, dentro da pasta Gadget-2.0.7/Gadget2 o arquivo Makefile.Configure-o para que fique como:
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# From the list below, please activate/deactivate the options that
# apply to your run. If you modify any of these options, make sure
# that you recompile the whole code by typing "make clean; make".
#
# Look at end of file for a brief guide to the compile-time options.
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#--------------------------------------- Basic operation mode of code
#OPT += -DPERIODIC
OPT += -DUNEQUALSOFTENINGS
#--------------------------------------- Things that are always recommended
OPT += -DPEANOHILBERT
OPT += -DWALLCLOCK
#--------------------------------------- TreePM Options
#OPT += -DPMGRID=128
#OPT += -DPLACEHIGHRESREGION=3
#OPT += -DENLARGEREGION=1.2
#OPT += -DASMTH=1.25
#OPT += -DRCUT=4.5
#--------------------------------------- Single/Double Precision
#OPT += -DDOUBLEPRECISION
#OPT += -DDOUBLEPRECISION_FFTW
#--------------------------------------- Time integration options
OPT += -DSYNCHRONIZATION
#OPT += -DFLEXSTEPS
#OPT += -DPSEUDOSYMMETRIC
#OPT += -DNOSTOP_WHEN_BELOW_MINTIMESTEP
#OPT += -DNOPMSTEPADJUSTMENT
#--------------------------------------- Output
#OPT += -DHAVE_HDF5
#OPT += -DOUTPUTPOTENTIAL
#OPT += -DOUTPUTACCELERATION
#OPT += -DOUTPUTCHANGEOFENTROPY
#OPT += -DOUTPUTTIMESTEP
#--------------------------------------- Things for special behaviour
#OPT += -DNOGRAVITY
#OPT += -DNOTREERND
#OPT += -DNOTYPEPREFIX_FFTW
#OPT += -DLONG_X=60
#OPT += -DLONG_Y=5
#OPT += -DLONG_Z=0.2
#OPT += -DTWODIMS
#OPT += -DSPH_BND_PARTICLES
#OPT += -DNOVISCOSITYLIMITER
#OPT += -DCOMPUTE_POTENTIAL_ENERGY
#OPT += -DLONGIDS
#OPT += -DISOTHERM_EQS
#OPT += -DADAPTIVE_GRAVSOFT_FORGAS
#OPT += -DSELECTIVE_NO_GRAVITY=2+4+8+16
#--------------------------------------- Testing and Debugging options
#OPT += -DFORCETEST=0.1
#--------------------------------------- Glass making
#OPT += -DMAKEGLASS=262144
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Here, select compile environment for the target machine. This may need
# adjustment, depending on your local system. Follow the examples to add
# additional target platforms, and to get things properly compiled.
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#--------------------------------------- Select some defaults
CC = mpicc # sets the C-compiler
OPTIMIZE = -O2 -Wall -g # sets optimization and warning flags
MPICHLIB = -lmpich
#--------------------------------------- Select target computer
SYSTYPE="MPA"
#SYSTYPE="Mako"
#SYSTYPE="Regatta"
#SYSTYPE="RZG_LinuxCluster"
#SYSTYPE="RZG_LinuxCluster-gcc"
#SYSTYPE="OpteronMPA"
#SYSTYPE="OPA-Cluster32"
#SYSTYPE="OPA-Cluster64"
#--------------------------------------- Adjust settings for target computer
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"MPA")
CC = mpicc
OPTIMIZE = -O3 -Wall
GSL_INCL = -I/usr/local/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/usr/local/lib
FFTW_INCL= -I/usr/local/include
FFTW_LIBS= -L/usr/local/lib
MPICHLIB = -L/usr/lib
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"OpteronMPA")
CC = mpicc
OPTIMIZE = -O3 -Wall -m64
GSL_INCL = -L/usr/local/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/usr/local/lib
FFTW_INCL=
FFTW_LIBS=
MPICHLIB =
HDF5INCL = -I/opt/hdf5/include
HDF5LIB = -L/opt/hdf5/lib -lhdf5 -lz -Wl,"-R /opt/hdf5/lib"
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"OPA-Cluster32")
CC = mpicc
OPTIMIZE = -O3 -Wall
GSL_INCL = -I/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron32/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron32/lib -Wl,"-R /afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron32/lib"
FFTW_INCL= -I/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron32/include
FFTW_LIBS= -L/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron32/lib
MPICHLIB =
HDF5INCL =
HDF5LIB = -lhdf5 -lz
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"OPA-Cluster64")
CC = mpicc
OPTIMIZE = -O3 -Wall -m64
GSL_INCL = -I/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron64/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron64/lib -Wl,"-R /afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron64/lib"
FFTW_INCL= -I/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron64/include
FFTW_LIBS= -L/afs/rzg/bc-b/vrs/opteron64/lib
MPICHLIB =
HDF5INCL =
HDF5LIB = -lhdf5 -lz
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"Mako")
CC = mpicc # sets the C-compiler
OPTIMIZE = -O3 -march=athlon-mp -mfpmath=sse
GSL_INCL =
GSL_LIBS =
FFTW_INCL=
FFTW_LIBS=
MPICHLIB =
HDF5INCL =
HDF5LIB = -lhdf5 -lz
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"Regatta")
CC = mpcc_r
OPTIMIZE = -O5 -qstrict -qipa -q64
GSL_INCL = -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_psi64/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_psi64/lib
FFTW_INCL= -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/fftw_psi64/include
FFTW_LIBS= -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/fftw_psi64/lib -q64 -qipa
MPICHLIB =
HDF5INCL = -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_psi64/include
HDF5LIB = -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_psi64/lib -lhdf5 -lz
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"RZG_LinuxCluster")
CC = mpicci
OPTIMIZE = -O3 -ip # Note: Don't use the "-rcd" optimization of Intel's compiler! (causes code crashes)
GSL_INCL = -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_linux/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_linux/lib -Wl,"-R /afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_linux/lib"
FFTW_INCL= -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/fftw_linux/include
FFTW_LIBS= -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/fftw_linux/lib
HDF5INCL = -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_linux/include
HDF5LIB = -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_linux/lib -lhdf5 -lz -Wl,"-R /afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_linux/lib"
endif
ifeq ($(SYSTYPE),"RZG_LinuxCluster-gcc")
CC = mpiccg
OPTIMIZE = -Wall -g -O3 -march=pentium4
GSL_INCL = -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_linux_gcc3.2/include
GSL_LIBS = -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_linux_gcc3.2/lib -Wl,"-R /afs/rzg/u/vrs/gsl_linux_gcc3.2/lib"
FFTW_INCL= -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/fftw_linux_gcc3.2/include
FFTW_LIBS= -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/fftw_linux_gcc3.2/lib
HDF5INCL = -I/afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_linux/include
HDF5LIB = -L/afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_linux/lib -lhdf5 -lz -Wl,"-R /afs/rzg/u/vrs/hdf5_linux/lib"
endif
ifneq (HAVE_HDF5,$(findstring HAVE_HDF5,$(OPT)))
HDF5INCL =
HDF5LIB =
endif
OPTIONS = $(OPTIMIZE) $(OPT)
EXEC = Gadget2
OBJS = main.o run.o predict.o begrun.o endrun.o global.o \
timestep.o init.o restart.o io.o \
accel.o read_ic.o ngb.o \
system.o allocate.o density.o \
gravtree.o hydra.o driftfac.o \
domain.o allvars.o potential.o \
forcetree.o peano.o gravtree_forcetest.o \
pm_periodic.o pm_nonperiodic.o longrange.o
INCL = allvars.h proto.h tags.h Makefile
CFLAGS = $(OPTIONS) $(GSL_INCL) $(FFTW_INCL) $(HDF5INCL)
ifeq (NOTYPEPREFIX_FFTW,$(findstring NOTYPEPREFIX_FFTW,$(OPT))) # fftw installed with type prefix?
FFTW_LIB = $(FFTW_LIBS) -lrfftw_mpi -lfftw_mpi -lrfftw -lfftw
else
ifeq (DOUBLEPRECISION_FFTW,$(findstring DOUBLEPRECISION_FFTW,$(OPT)))
FFTW_LIB = $(FFTW_LIBS) -ldrfftw_mpi -ldfftw_mpi -ldrfftw -ldfftw
else
FFTW_LIB = $(FFTW_LIBS) -lsrfftw_mpi -lsfftw_mpi -lsrfftw -lsfftw
endif
endif
LIBS = $(HDF5LIB) -g $(MPICHLIB) $(GSL_LIBS) -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm $(FFTW_LIB)
$(EXEC): $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(OBJS) $(LIBS) -o $(EXEC)
$(OBJS): $(INCL)
clean:
rm -f $(OBJS) $(EXEC)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Brief guide to compile-time options of the code. More information
# can be found in the code documentation.
#
# - PERIODIC:
# Set this if you want to have periodic boundary conditions.
#
# - UNEQUALSOFTENINGS:
# Set this if you use particles with different gravitational
# softening lengths.
#
# - PEANOHILBERT:
# This is a tuning option. When set, the code will bring the
# particles after each domain decomposition into Peano-Hilbert
# order. This improves cache utilization and performance.
#
# - WALLCLOCK:
# If set, a wallclock timer is used by the code to measure internal
# time consumption (see cpu-log file). Otherwise, a timer that
# measures consumed processor ticks is used.
#
# - PMGRID:
# This enables the TreePM method, i.e. the long-range force is
# computed with a PM-algorithm, and the short range force with the
# tree. The parameter has to be set to the size of the mesh that
# should be used, (e.g. 64, 96, 128, etc). The mesh dimensions need
# not necessarily be a power of two. Note: If the simulation is
# not in a periodic box, then a FFT method for vacuum boundaries is
# employed, using an actual mesh with dimension twice(!) that
# specified by PMGRID.
#
# - PLACEHIGHRESREGION:
# If this option is set (will only work together with PMGRID), then
# the long range force is computed in two stages: One Fourier-grid
# is used to cover the whole simulation volume, allowing the
# computation of the longe-range force. A second Fourier mesh is
# placed on the region occupied by "high-resolution" particles,
# allowing the computation of an intermediate scale force. Finally,
# the force on short scales is computed with the tree. This
# procedure can be useful for "zoom-simulations", provided the
# majority of particles (the high-res particles) are occupying only
# a small fraction of the volume. To activate this option, the
# parameter needs to be set to an integer bit mask that encodes the
# particle types that make up the high-res particles.
# For example, if types 0, 1, and 4 form the high-res
# particles, set the parameter to PLACEHIGHRESREGION=19, because
# 2^0 + 2^1 + 2^4 = 19. The spatial region covered by the high-res
# grid is determined automatically from the initial conditions.
# Note: If a periodic box is used, the high-res zone may not intersect
# the box boundaries.
#
# - ENLARGEREGION:
# The spatial region covered by the high-res zone has a fixed size
# during the simulation, which initially is set to the smallest
# region that encompasses all high-res particles. Normally, the
# simulation will be interrupted if high-res particles leave this
# region in the course of the run. However, by setting this
# parameter to a value larger than one, the size of the high-res
# region can be expanded, providing a buffer region. For example,
# setting it to 1.4 will enlarge its side-length by 40% (it remains
# centered on the high-res particles). Hence, with this setting, the
# high-res region may expand or move by a limited amount.
# Note: If SYNCHRONIZATION is activated, the code will be able to
# continue even if high-res particles leave the initial high-res
# grid. In this case, the code will update the size and position of
# the grid that is placed onto the high-resolution region
# automatically. To prevent that this potentially happens every
# single PM step, one should nevertheless assign a value slightly
# larger than 1 to ENLARGEREGION.
#
# - ASMTH:
# This can be used to override the value assumed for the scale that
# defines the long-range/short-range force-split in the TreePM
# algorithm. The default value is 1.25, in mesh-cells.
#
# - RCUT:
# This can be used to override the maximum radius in which the
# short-range tree-force is evaluated (in case the TreePM algorithm
# is used). The default value is 4.5, given in mesh-cells.
#
# - DOUBLEPRECISION:
# This makes the code store and compute internal particle data in
# double precision. Note that output files are nevertheless written
# by converting the particle data to single precision.
#
# - DDOUBLEPRECISION_FFTW:
# If this is set, the code will use the double-precision version of
# FTTW, provided the latter has been explicitly installed with a
# "d" prefix, and NOTYPEPREFIX_FFTW is not set. Otherwise the
# single precision version ("s" prefix) is used.
#
# - SYNCHRONIZATION:
# When this is set, particles are kept in a binary hierarchy of
# timesteps and may only increase their timestep if the new
# timestep will put them into synchronization with the higher time
# level.
#
# - FLEXSTEPS:
# This is an alternative to SYNCHRONIZATION. Particle timesteps are
# here allowed to be integer multiples of the minimum timestep that
# occurs among the particles, which in turn is rounded down to the
# nearest power-of-two devision of the total simulated
# timespan. This option distributes particles more evenly over
# individual system timesteps, particularly once a simulation has
# run for a while, and may then result in a reduction of work-load
# imbalance losses.
#
# - PSEUDOSYMMETRIC:
# When this option is set, the code will try to "anticipate"
# timestep changes by extrapolating the change of the acceleration
# into the future. This can in certain idealized cases improve the
# long-term integration behaviour of periodic orbits, but should
# make little or no difference in most real-world applications. May
# only be used together with SYNCHRONIZATION.
#
# - NOSTOP_WHEN_BELOW_MINTIMESTEP:
# If this is activated, the code will not terminate when the
# timestep falls below the value of MinSizeTimestep specified in
# the parameterfile. This is useful for runs where one wants to
# enforce a constant timestep for all particles. This can be done
# by activating this option, and by setting MinSizeTimestep and
# MaxSizeTimestep to an equal value.
#
# - NOPMSTEPADJUSTMENT:
# When this is set, the long-range timestep for the PM-force
# computation (when the TreePM algorithm is used) is always
# determined by MaxSizeTimeStep. Otherwise, it is determined by
# the MaxRMSDisplacement parameter, or MaxSizeTimeStep, whichever
# gives the smaller step.
#
# - HAVE_HDF5:
# If this is set, the code will be compiled with support for input
# and output in the HDF5 format. You need to have the HDF5
# libraries and headers installed on your computer for this option
# to work. The HDF5 format can then be selected as format "3" in
# Gadget's parameterfile.
#
# - OUTPUTPOTENTIAL:
# This will make the code compute gravitational potentials for
# all particles each time a snapshot file is generated. The values
# are then included in the snapshot file. Note that the computation
# of the values of the gravitational potential costs additional CPU.
#
# - OUTPUTACCELERATION:
# This will include the physical acceleration of each particle in
# snapshot files.
#
# - OUTPUTCHANGEOFENTROPY:
# This will include the rate of change of entropy of gas particles
# in snapshot files.
#
# - OUTPUTTIMESTEP:
# This will include the current timesteps of all particles in the
# snapshot files.
#
# - NOGRAVITY
# This switches off gravity. Useful only for pure SPH simulations
# in non-expanding space.
#
# - NOTREERND:
# If this is not set, the tree construction will succeed even when
# there are a few particles at identical locations. This is done by
# `rerouting' particles once the node-size has fallen below 1.0e-3
# of the softening length. When this option is activated, this will
# be surpressed and the tree construction will always fail if there
# are particles at extremely close coordinates.
#
# - NOTYPEPREFIX_FFTW:
# This is an option that signals that FFTW has been compiled
# without the type-prefix option, i.e. no leading "d" or "s"
# characters are used to access the library.
#
# - LONG_X/Y/Z:
# These options can be used together with PERIODIC and NOGRAVITY only.
# When set, the options define numerical factors that can be used to
# distorts the periodic simulation cube into a parallelepiped of
# arbitrary aspect ratio. This can be useful for idealized SPH tests.
#
# - TWODIMS:
# This effectively switches of one dimension in SPH, i.e. the code
# follows only 2d hydrodynamics in the xy-, yz-, or xz-plane. This
# only works with NOGRAVITY, and if all coordinates of the third
# axis are exactly equal. Can be useful for idealized SPH tests.
#
# - SPH_BND_PARTICLES:
# If this is set, particles with a particle-ID equal to zero do not
# receive any SPH acceleration. This can be useful for idealized
# SPH tests, where these particles represent fixed "walls".
#
# - NOVISCOSITYLIMITER:
# If this is set, the code will not try to put an upper limit on
# the viscous force in case an implausibly high pair-wise viscous
# force (which may lead to a particle 'reflection' in case of poor
# timestepping) should arise. Note: For proper settings of the
# timestep parameters, this situation should not arise.
#
# - COMPUTE_POTENTIAL_ENERGY:
# When this option is set, the code will compute the gravitational
# potential energy each time a global statistics is computed. This
# can be useful for testing global energy conservation.
#
# - LONGIDS:
# If this is set, the code assumes that particle-IDs are stored as
# 64-bit long integers. This is only really needed if you want to
# go beyond ~2 billion particles.
#
# - ISOTHERM_EQS:
# This special option makes the gas behave like an isothermal gas
# with equation of state P = cs^2 * rho. The sound-speed cs is set by
# the thermal energy per unit mass in the intial conditions,
# i.e. cs^2=u. If the value for u is zero, then the initial gas
# temperature in the parameter file is used to define the sound speed
# according to cs^2 = 3/2 kT/mp, where mp is the proton mass.
#
# - ADAPTIVE_GRAVSOFT_FORGAS:
# When this option is set, the gravitational softening lengths used for
# gas particles is tied to their SPH smoothing length. This can be useful
# for dissipative collapse simulations. The option requires the setting
# of UNEQUALSOFTENINGS.
#
# - SELECTIVE_NO_GRAVITY:
# This can be used for special computations where one wants to
# exclude certain particle types from receiving gravitational
# forces. The particle types that are excluded in this fashion are
# specified by a bit mask, in the same as for the PLACEHIGHRESREGION
# option.
#
# - FORCETEST:
# This can be set to check the force accuracy of the code. The
# option needs to be set to a number between 0 and 1 (e.g. 0.01),
# which is taken to specify a random fraction of particles for
# which at each timestep forces by direct summation are
# computed. The normal tree-forces and the correct direct
# summation forces are collected in a file. Note that the
# simulation itself is unaffected by this option, but it will of
# course run much(!) slower, especially if
# FORCETEST*NumPart*NumPart >> NumPart. Note: Particle IDs must
# be set to numbers >=1 for this to work.
#
# - MAKEGLASS
# This option can be used to generate a glass-like particle
# configuration. The value assigned gives the particle load,
# which is initially generated as a Poisson sample and then
# evolved towards a glass with the sign of gravity reversed.
#
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
(...falta terminar...)
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